Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Nonfisik dan Beban Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention dengan Employee Engagement sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada Generasi Z Industri Perbankan Banjarmasin

Ari Zuhdi Tarmizi, Ahmad Rifani

Abstract


This study examines the effects of the non-physical work environment and workload on turnover intention, with employee engagement as a mediating variable, among Generation Z employees in the banking industry in Banjarmasin. An explanatory quantitative design was applied through a survey of 180 respondents selected by purposive sampling. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS 4. The results show that workload has a significant negative effect on employee engagement and a significant positive effect on turnover intention. The non-physical work environment has a significant positive effect on employee engagement and a significant negative effect on turnover intention. Employee engagement has a significant negative effect on turnover intention and partially mediates the relationships of both workload and the non-physical work environment with turnover intention. The model explains 46.6% of the variance in employee engagement and 66.1% of the variance in turnover intention. These findings indicate that retaining Generation Z employees in banking requires more than reducing job demands; it also requires a supportive work environment and sustained employee engagement.

Keywords


non-physical work environment; workload; employee engagement; turnover intention; Generation Z; banking

Full Text:

PDF

References


Adelia, A., Daud, I., Azazi, A., Iman Kalis, M. C., Hendri, M. I., 2024. Exploring turnover intentions in Indonesian generation Z: Emotional exhaustion, employee engagement, and job satisfaction. Journal of Management Science (JMAS), 7(1), 250–256. https://exsys.iocspublisher.org/index.php/JMAS/article/view/385

Adiwinata, D., Oktiviani, R., Perwitaningrum, R., 2022. Employee engagement dan kepuasan kerja: Upaya menekan turnover intention karyawan perbankan. FLURALIS: Faletehan Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 1(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.61252/fjeb.v1i1.18

Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), 2021. Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2020.

Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., 2017. Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056

Cropanzano, R., Mitchell, M. S., 2005. Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602

Dunlop, A., Pankowski, M., 2023. Hey bosses: Here’s what Gen Z actually wants at work. Deloitte Digital. https://www.deloittedigital.com/us/en/insights/perspective/gen-z-research-report.html

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., 2021. A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), 3rd ed. Sage.

Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., 2019. When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

Haniyah, I., Azazi, A., Marumpe, D. P., Daud, I., Irdhayanti, E., 2025. Pengaruh lingkungan kerja non fisik, kompensasi, beban kerja terhadap turnover intention Gen Z. Mutiara: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia, 3(2), 133–152. https://doi.org/10.61404/mutiara.v3i2.405

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., 2015. A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8

Koesomowidjojo, S. R. M., 2017. Panduan praktis menyusun analisis beban kerja. Raih Asa Sukses.

Mahawati, E., Yuniwati, I., Ferinia, R., Rahayu, P. P., Fani, T., Sari, A. P., Setijaningsih, R. A., Fitriyatinur, Q., Sesilia, A. P., Mayasari, I., Dewi, I. K., Bahri, S., 2021. Analisis beban kerja dan produktivitas kerja. Yayasan Kita Menulis.

Mobley, W. H., 2011. Pergantian karyawan: Sebab, akibat dan pengendaliannya. PT Pustaka Binaman Pressindo.

Oktaviani, S., Wiguna, M., 2025. Pengaruh beban kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap turnover intention pada karyawan generasi Z PT Mustika Citra Rasa (Holland Bakery) Unit Gajah Mada Jakarta Barat. JIIC: Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia, 2(2), 1982–1997. https://jicnusantara.com/index.php/jiic/article/view/2432

Priyono, A., Tampubolon, S., 2023. Pengaruh job insecurity dan beban kerja terhadap turnover intention (studi kasus pada karyawan milenial dan Gen Z di Bank BJB Cabang Daan Mogot). Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Madani, 5(2), 15–33. https://doi.org/10.51353/jmbm.v5i2.768

Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. A., 2019. Organizational behavior. Pearson.

Saefullah, M., Basrowi. 2022. Dampak lingkungan kerja fisik terhadap kinerja dan kepuasan karyawan bagian produksi. Jurnal Bina Bangsa Ekonomika, 15(2), 481–491. https://doi.org/10.46306/jbbe.v15i2.183

Saks, A. M., Gruman, J. A., 2014. What do we really know about employee engagement?, Human Resource Development Quarterly, 25(2), 155–182. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21187

Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., Bakker, A. B., 2002. The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 3(1), 71–92. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015630930326

Sedarmayanti. 2017. Perencanaan dan pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Refika Aditama.

Wan, Q., Li, Z., Zhou, W., Shang, S., 2018. Effects of work environment and job characteristics on the turnover intention of experienced nurses: The mediating role of work engagement. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 74(6), 1332–1341. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.13528




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/ekonomis.v10i2.3003

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Ekonomis: Journal of Economics and Business Published by Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat
Adress: LPPM Universitas Batanghari, Jl.Slamet Ryadi, Broni-Jambi, Kec.Telanaipura, Kodepos: 36122, email: ekonomis.unbari@gmail.com, Phone: 0741-670700

Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.